Kluthe Magazine

Tube drawing is a critical manufacturing process that creates precise, high-quality metal tubes used in everything from automotive parts to construction materials. The process transforms stock materials into finished tubes with precise dimensions. The starting materials are typically steel hollow …

Coagulants cause coating particles in wastewater to join together into micro-flocs and allow them to be separated during further treatment. Read here about where wastewater is generated during painting processes, how detackification works, what requirements detackification agents must meet, and …

Since the mid-19th century, carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have steadily increased. With industrialization and rising carbon dioxide emissions, concentrations have surged from an average of 280 ppm (parts per million, a unit measuring the concentration of gases in …

« The Importance of Surface Treatment for Equipment Efficiency » In common terminology, the phrase “maintenance and servicing of machinery and equipment” is frequently used. Strictly speaking, servicing is a broader category that includes maintenance. The latter ensures continuous trouble-free …

« What Methods Are Used? » Plastics are widely used as packaging materials, insulators, components in various machines and devices, and as coating agents. Unfortunately, their widespread use has led to increasing environmental concerns as they are now frequently found …

Decarburization refers to the reduction of carbon content in molten or solidified alloys. This process commonly occurs during the production and processing of steel but can also affect cast iron when exposed to  elevated temperatures. This article explains the role …

« Separating Solvents and Other Applications of Fractionation Methods » In chemistry, fractionation refers to the process of separating mixtures into their individual components. This is achieved using a variety of specialized chemical separation techniques. The term “fractionation” is typically …

« Using Defoamers in Industrial Applications » Foam formation is a common issue in many industrial systems. In such cases, defoamers are needed to either suppress or prevent foaming altogether. This article offers an overview of how foam forms and …

Water beads up on many surfaces. After a rain shower, tiny droplets can still be seen on windows for a long time.  This occurs because thin water films contract into droplets. All these are effects of surface tension, which becomes …

Wherever the word “duplex” appears, it usually refers to something double-layered. In surface technology, duplex systems are no exception—they consist of two protective layers to defend against corrosion. The bottom layer is created through hot-dip galvanizing, while the top layer …