Most metals used  to manufacture  a wide variety of products occur in nature only in the form of chemical compounds known as ores. Only after they are released from these compounds are they available in metallic form. Left unprotected, these …

Emulsifiers ensure that all components of water-miscible metalworking fluids remain evenly distributed in the liquid during use. This is the only way to fully benefit from the friction-reducing properties of oils and the excellent cooling performance of water, allowing both …

Why Economy, Ecology, and Social Responsibility Must Be Seen as a Unified Whole in Industry In the 1990s, the concept of the “sustainability triangle” gained traction in environmental discussions.  It was particularly influential in the chemical industry, which contributed valuable …

Where Are Forming Lubricants Used? Forming includes those manufacturing processes in which tools apply significant external forces to deliberately change the contours of materials. A prerequisite is the close interaction between material and tools, which enables force transmission while also …

Tube drawing is a critical manufacturing process that creates precise, high-quality metal tubes used in everything from automotive parts to construction materials. The process transforms stock materials into finished tubes with precise dimensions. The starting materials are typically steel hollow …

Coagulants cause coating particles in wastewater to join together into micro-flocs and allow them to be separated during further treatment. Read here about where wastewater is generated during painting processes, how detackification works, what requirements detackification agents must meet, and …

Everything You Need to Know About the Process Flocculation is a process in which very small solid particles, finely dispersed in a liquid, clump together into loose aggregates. The fluid and flocs can then be separated with minimal effort. Read …

Since the mid-19th century, carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have steadily increased. With industrialization and rising carbon dioxide emissions, concentrations have surged from an average of 280 ppm (parts per million, a unit measuring the concentration of gases in …

« The Importance of Surface Treatment for Equipment Efficiency » In common terminology, the phrase “maintenance and servicing of machinery and equipment” is frequently used. Strictly speaking, servicing is a broader category that includes maintenance. The latter ensures continuous trouble-free …

The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is the main driver of global warming. The consequences of this include droughts, heavy rainfall, storms, and flooding. Melting ice masses also raise sea levels. But why exactly are greenhouse gases harmful? …